![]() Grant GT, Morris ER, Rees DA, Smith PJC, Thom D (1973) Biological interactions between polysaccharides and divalent cations: the egg-box model. Hollabaugh CB, Burt LH, Walsh AP (1945) Carboxymethylcellulose. J Appl Polym Sci Appl Polym Symp 37:815–827Ĭui J, Cueto C, Bien C, Preda D, Gamliel D, Emrick T (2022) Robust polymer foams from 2-hydroxyethyl cellulose: fabrication, stability, and chemical functionalization. Turbak AF, Snyder FW, Sandberg KR (1983) Microfibrillated cellulose, a new cellulose product: properties, uses, and commercial potential. Siró I, Plackett D (2010) Microfibrillated cellulose and new nanocomposite materials: a review. Sayyed AJ, Deshmukh NA, Pinjari DV (2019) A critical review of manufacturing processes used in regenerated cellulosic fibres: viscose, cellulose acetate, cuprammonium, LiCl/DMAc, ionic liquids, and NMMO based lyocell. Wang S, Lu A, Zhang L (2016) Recent advances in regenerated cellulose materials. Song J, Chen C, Zhu S, Zhu M, Dai J, Ray U, Li Y, Kuang Y, Li Y, Quispe N, Yao Y, Gong A, Leiste UH, Bruck HA, Zhu JY, Vellore A, Li H, Minus ML, Jia Z, Martini A, Li T, Hu L (2018) processing bulk natural wood into a high-performance structural material. 3110602īlanc PD (2016) Fake Silk: the lethal history of viscose rayon. Politzer A, Teng JC, Singh T (1960) The method of producing a regenerate cellulose sponge. Hunter D (1978) Papermaking: the history and technique of an ancient craft Courier Corporation ![]() These hydrophilic foams absorbed many times their own weight of water (> 30 g of liquid water per gram of foam) and were amenable to ion exchange, absorption/desorption of organic substances and heavy metals, and water uptake at levels that make them attractive materials for applications in water recovery. ![]() When covalent crosslinking was combined with the presence of CaCl 2, and/or cellulose additives, the resultant CMC foams exhibited excellent aqueous stability for months or longer and withstood multiple compression cycles without loss of mechanical performance (i.e., by maintaining their porous foam structure). In addition, CMC foams crosslinked with poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), via the residual hydroxyl groups on the CMC scaffold, were stable in liquid water. Mechanical measurements showed the foams to be stiffer in the presence of higher salt concentrations. However, the porous structure of the CMC foam was stabilized in the presence of aqueous solutions of CaCl 2. CMC foams were produced easily by lyophilization of aqueous solutions of high molecular weight CMC, but the considerable hydrophilicity of this anionic polyelectrolyte led to rapid pore collapse and gelation of the material upon its contact with liquid water. All rights reserved.This paper describes the fabrication of biopolymer foams from aqueous solutions of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), as well as effective methods for stabilizing CMC foams in aqueous environments so as to prevent their conversion to gels that results from pore collapse. GlobalFiler(®) Express Presumed single source sample Rapid DNA RapidHIT(®) RapidHIT(®) ID RapidLINK™ STR SWGDAM developmental validation.Ĭopyright © 2017 The Author(s). These results show that multiple RapidHIT ID systems networked with RapidLINK software form a highly reliable system for wide-scale deployment in locations such as police booking stations and border crossings enabling real-time testing of arrestees, potential human trafficking victims, and other instances where rapid turnaround is essential. The Developmental Validation studies were performed using GlobalFiler ® Express with single source reference samples according to Scientific Working Group for DNA Analysis Methods guidelines. The RapidHIT ID has been designed to employ GlobalFiler ® Express and AmpFLSTR ® NGMSElect™, Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA) STR chemistries. Profiles are reviewed using centralized linking software, RapidLINK™ (IntegenX, Pleasanton, CA), a software tool designed to collate DNA profiles from single or multiple RapidHIT ID systems at different geographic locations. The system is easy to use, requiring less than one minute of hands-on time. The RapidHIT ID has been optimized for use in decentralized environments and processes presumed single source DNA samples, generating Combined DNA Index System (CODIS)-compatible DNA profiles in less than 90min. The RapidHIT ® ID is a fully automated sample-to-answer system for short tandem repeat (STR)-based human identification.
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